Kaebus

Lõõtsa 8a / 11415 Tallinn / [email protected] / www.rit.ee / Registrikood 77001613

Tallinna Halduskohus Pärnu mnt 7, 15082 Tallinn [email protected]

Meie 23.05.2025 nr 5-7/25-61-1

KAEBUS

Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni 15.05.2025.a otsuse nr 103-25/289654 tühistamiseks ja asjas uue otsuse tegemiseks, millega jäetakse Mosaic OÜ vaidlustus rahuldamata

Vastustaja: Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskus

Registrikood: 77001613

Lõõtsa tn 8a, 11415 Tallinn

E-post: [email protected]

Vastustaja esindaja: Fredy Bogomolov

E-post: [email protected]

Kaebaja: Mosaic OÜ

Registrikood: 10977888

Pirni 7/2, 10617 Tallinn

E-post: [email protected]

Kaebaja esindaja: Jaanus Tehver, vandeadvokaat

E-post [email protected]

1. Asjaolude kirjeldus ja menetluskäik



1.1. Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskus (RIT) kuulutas 24.02.2025 välja riigihanke

„Serverite, võrguseadmete ja kettamassiivide raamhange“ (viitenumber 289654), mille eesmärk oli

sõlmida raamlepingud.

1.2. Mosaic OÜ esitas pakkumuse, milles pakuti serverit IBM Power S1012 koos Power10 arhitektuuriga

protsessoriga, väites selle samaväärsust hankes nõutud Intel Xeon E-2436 protsessoriga.

1.3. Hankija lükkas 10.04.2025 otsusega Mosaic OÜ pakkumuse tagasi, põhjendades, et pakutud

protsessor ei ole samaväärne, kuna see põhineb erineval arhitektuuril (POWER vs x86).

1.4. Mosaic OÜ esitas 21.04.2025 vaidlustuse, väites, et hankedokumentides ei olnud arhitektuurinõuet

sätestatud ning nende pakutud protsessor ületas tehniliste näitajate poolest nõutud miinimumnõuded.

1.5. Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskus vaidles vaidlustusele vastu, leides, et

hankemenetluse käigus on tuvastatud näidispakkumuses sedavõrd oluline puudus, mistõttu oli

pakkumuse tagasi lükkamise otsus õiguspärane.

1.6. Komisjon rahuldas vaidlustuse, tunnistas hankija otsuse kehtetuks ning mõistis hankijalt välja

Mosaic OÜ kasuks riigilõivu ja esindaja kulud. Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjon leidis, et hankija

otsus pakkumuse tagasi lükkamiseks ei olnud õiguspärane.



2. Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni seisukohtade kokkuvõte



2/4

2.1. Komisjon leidis, et kuigi hankija oli lisanud tingimuse „või samaväärne“, ei olnud hankija selgitanud,

millised omadused muudaksid protsessori samaväärseks. Hankija ei olnud ka tõendanud, et pakutud

protsessor ei vasta samaväärsuse nõudele.

2.2. Komisjon rõhutas, et samaväärsuse hindamisel tuleb lähtuda funktsionaalsusest, mitte ainult

arhitektuurist. Hankija ei olnud tõendanud, et pakutud protsessor ei võimalda täita samu ülesandeid

või ei ühilduks tema süsteemidega.

2.3. Komisjon leidis, et ainuüksi erinev arhitektuur (POWER vs x86) ei ole piisav alus pakkumuse

tagasilükkamiseks, kui puuduvad tõendid selle kohta, et pakutud lahendus ei täida hankija vajadusi.

2.4. Hankija ei olnud vaidlustusmenetluses esitanud piisavaid tõendeid selle kohta, et pakutud server ei

ole samaväärne või ei võimalda vajalikku funktsionaalsust (nt Windows OS tugi, laiendatavus,

draiverite olemasolu).



3. Kaebuse põhjendused



3.1. Vastustaja hinnangul on Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjon õigesti tuvastanud, et vastustaja ei ole

rikkunud hankeõiguse põhimõtteid, jättes kehtestamata täpsed protsessori nõuded olles selle asemel

kehtestanud nõudena konkreetse protsessori, kusjuures lubades pakkuda ka RHS § 88 lg 2 mõttes

samaväärset seadet.

3.2. Vastustaja hinnangul on Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni otsus nii materiaalselt kui formaalselt

õigusvastane järgmistel põhjustel

3.2.1. Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjon on ebaõigesti tõlgendanud vastustaja seisukohti

vaidlustusmenetluses ning teinud seetõttu ebaõiged järeldused. Vastustaja on vaidlustusmenetluses

korduvalt rõhutanud, et pakutava seadme protsessori arhitektuuri tõttu ei ole võimalik vastustajal

kaebaja pakutava seadmega saavutada sama funktsionaalsust. Asjakohase tõendina on vastustaja

esitanud kaebaja enda kinnituse pakkumusest, mille kohaselt tema pakutava seadmega ei ole

võimalik teostada Windows OS’i haldust, kuna seade ei toeta seda.

Pilt 1. Väljavõte pakkumusest (Lisa 7 – Rackitava serveri näidispakkumuse vastavustabel) 3.2.2. Hankes on kehtestatud serverile nõue „lülitada toidet, presenteerida iso, dvd, hallata graafiliselt

Windowsi serverit, autentida turvaliselt vastu Microsoft AD-d, pärida üle SNMP või IPMI serveri

riistvara olekut. Vajadusel peab litsents komplektis olema“ ja „1x protsessor Intel Xeon E-2436 (või

sellega samaväärne)“. Kaebaja ise on kinnitanud, et tema seade sellele nõudele ei vasta (see nõue ei

kohaldu).

3.2.3. Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjon on hinnanud eeltoodud tõendit ebapiisavaks ning ekslikult

tuletanud sellest vale järelduse, justkui vastustaja pole oma väidet mittesamaväärsuse ja ebasobiva

funktsionaalsuse osas tõendanud. Vastustaja hinnangul on Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjon

takerdunud IT-valdkonna keerukusse ning jõudnud seetõttu ebaõige materiaalõiguse kohaldamiseni.

Vastustaja hinnangul on keskmisele valdkonnas tegutsevale inimesele mõistetav kaebaja pakutud

seadme oluliselt erinev funktsionaalsus vastustaja ootustest.

3.2.4. Samuti on vastustaja vaidlustusmenetluses selgitanud, et „Kahjuks aga ei taga vaidlustaja pakutud

seade sama funktsionaalsust nagu hankes esitatud näidisprotsessor. Seeläbi ka seade tervikuna ei

3/4

võimalda sama funktsionaalsust. Samaväärne on seade, mis vastab kõigile esitatud tingimustele, k.a:

„Windows Serveri haldamine graafilise liidese kaudu“, mille kohta vaidlustaja on oma pakkumuses

märkinud “- Ei kohaldu – IBM Power ei toeta Windows OS'i; Microsoft AD põhine autentimine -

täielik integratsioon Active Directory'iga on võimalik (AIX/Linux)“. Asjaolud on üheselt tõendatud

kaebaja poolt esitatud pakkumuse vormi ja tootespetsifikatsiooniga. Vastustaja lisab asja materjalide

juurde kaebaja poolt näidispakkumusega koos esitatud tootespetsifikatsiooni, millest nähtub, et IBM

Power on alternatiiv Windows lahendusele ning ei toeta Windows süsteeme.

3.2.5. Vastustaja hinnangul on tegemist samaväärse asjaga juhul, kui riistvaraline platvorm toetab erinevaid

tarkvarasid ja sellega saab ühildada erinevaid riistvarasid. Samuti kui serveri funktsiooni muutumisel

saab lihtsalt tarkvara asendada. Näidispakkumises Intel Xeon protsessoriga samaväärne oleks olnud

Intel Core, AMD EPYC ja Ryzen protsessorid.

 Samaväärset protsessorit peab saama Windows operatsioonisüsteemiga serverit ümber installeerida

Linux operatsioonisüsteemiga serveriks.

3.2.6. Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni seisukoha- „Otsuses ei ole Hankija lähtunud sellest, et

Vaidlustaja pakkumuses Lisa 7 toodud informatsioon haldusliidese kohta on vastuolus

haldusliidesele kehtestatud tingimusega“- selgituseks märgib hankija, et pakutud toote osas

ei toonud hankija rohkem puudusi välja kuna ilmnes asjaolu, mille tõttu igal juhul tuli

pakkumus tunnistada mittevastavaks ning toote edasine detailsete puuduste väljatoomine

oli seetõttu ebaotstarbekas. Arhitektuurist lähtuvalt muutus teine tingimus mittetäidetuks

(antud juhul haldusliidese haldamise osas). Kui ühe tingimuse mitte täitmisel tuleb

pakkumus igal juhul mittevastavaks tunnistada, siis on hankija hinnangul ebamõistlik hakata

üles loetlema, antud juhul ühest asjaolust tingitud, teisi asjaolusid mittevastavuse osas.

3.3. Hanketingimuste tõlgendamine ja samaväärsuse mõiste

3.3.1. Selge tehniline vajadus: kuigi protsessori arhitektuuri (nt x86) ei olnud otsesõnu nimetatud, oli see

siiski vaikimisi eeldatud tehnilise ühilduvuse ja süsteemide halduse tõttu. Näiteks vajadus Windows

OS toe järele, mida POWER-arhitektuur ei võimalda ilma emulatsioonita.

3.3.2. Samaväärsuse kitsas määratlus: Samaväärsuse mõiste ei tähenda ainult paremaid tehnilisi näitajaid

(nt rohkem tuumasid või suurem mälu), vaid ka funktsionaalset sobivust olemasolevate

süsteemidega, sh tarkvara, haldusliideste ja laiendatavuse osas. Näitlikustamaks käesolevas

vaidluses tekkinud olukorda, kus on asutud seisukohale, et samaväärne = parem ja seda sootuks teise

valdkonna näitel, siis hankija küsis maanteetaristul sõitvat bensiinimootoriga autot, pakuti raudteel

sõitvat diiselmootoriga rongi. Toodetel puudub sama väärtus või ülesanne, nad ei ole

võrdväärsed ega sama funktsionaalsusega.

3.3.3. Vastavustingimus nr 4 "Samaväärsus" juures küsimusele "Pakkuja kinnitab, et pakkumus vastab

hanke alusdokumentides nõutule ja vajadusel on samaväärsus selgitatud ja tõendid samaväärsuse

kohta lisatud." On pakkuja vastuseks märkinud: "Jah". Samaväärsust pakkuja selgitanud ei ole ja

tõendeid samaväärsuse kohta samuti pole lisanud.

3.4. Ühilduvus ja haldusfunktsioonid

3.4.1. Tarkvaraline ühilduvus: IBM Power10 protsessor ei toeta Windows OS-i, mis on oluline nende

haldusprotsesside jaoks. See tähendab, et server ei võimalda täita samu haldusfunktsioone nagu Intel

Xeon E-2436 protsessoriga server.

3.4.2. Laiendatavus ja draiverid: POWER-arhitektuuriga server ei ole samaväärselt laiendatav kolmandate

osapoolte komponentidega, kuna puuduvad vajalikud draiverid ja tugi, mis seab piirangud

tulevikusüsteemide arendamisel.

3.4.3. Vastustaja peab vajalikuks rõhutada, et raamlepingu alusel korraldatavate minikonkursside kaudu

võib olukorras, kus kohus hindab näidispakkumuses esitatud toote samaväärseks, tekkida olukord,

kus teised hangitavad seadmed või litsentsid pakutuga ei ühildu. Seega on vastustaja hinnangul ilmne,

et samaväärseks näidispakkumuses esitatut pidada ei saa.

3.4.4. Viimast ilmestab asjaolu, et kaebaja enda näidispakkumuses esitatu ei ühildu pakkumuses pakutavate

litsentsidega. Kaebaja pakkumuse lk 3 on kirjeldatud tarkvara mida pakkuja pakub koos serveriga.

Kaebaja pakutav toode 5765-VHX on tarkvara mis eeldab toimimiseks x86 riistvara.1 IBM

1 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/virtual-hmc-appliance-vhmc-overview

4/4

veebilehelt on näha, et antud tarkvara on olemas ka POWER protsessori arhitektuurile, kuid seda ei

ole pakkumusega kaasatud. Seega ei vasta pakutav näidiskomplekt kõikidele nõuetele üheaegselt.

3.4.5. Samuti on pakkumuses välja toodud võrgukaart "EN2Y PCIe LP 4-Port 1GbE Adapter", kuid kaasa

antud tehnilises kirjelduses ei ole antud võrgukaart toetatud PCIe adapterite nimekirjas, on küll EC2Y

kuid mitte EN2Y.2

3.5. Hankija kaalutlusõigus

3.5.1. Hankija autonoomia: Hankijal on õigus määrata, millised tehnilised lahendused vastavad tema

vajadustele. Kui ta on otsustanud, et ainult x86-arhitektuuriga protsessorid tagavad vajaliku

funktsionaalsuse ja ühilduvuse, siis on see tema kaalutlusõiguse piires.

3.6. Kokkuvõtvalt ei nõustu vastustaja Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni hinnanguga mittesamaväärsuse

ja hankija vajadustest erineva funktsionaalsuse ebapiisava tõendatusse kohta. Vastustaja leiab, et

asjakohased tõendid on Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjonile esitatud, kuid Riigihangete

vaidlustuskomisjon ei ole esitatud tõendeid piisava põhjalikkusega uurinud ning on jõudnud ebaõige

otsuseni. Riigihangete vaidlustuskomisjoni otsus tuleb tühistada.

4. Menetluslikud küsimused



4.1. Kaebeõigus. Kaebus põhineb riigihangete seaduse alusel. Vaidlustuskomisjoni otsus on vaidlustatav

halduskohtus, kui menetlusosalised leiavad, et otsus on tehtud õigusvastaselt või kui otsuse tegemisel

on rikutud menetlusnorme.

4.2. Esindusõigus. Vastustaja esindaja esindusõigust tõendab kaebuse lisaks olev volikiri.

4.3. Riigilõiv. HKMS § 104 lg 10 sätestab, et riigilõivu tasumisest on vabastatud Eesti Vabariik kui

menetlusosaline. Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskus on justiits- ja

digiministeeriumi hallatav asutus ning oma põhimääruse kohaselt valitsusasutus, kes esindab oma

tegevuses Eesti Vabariiki. Seega on vastustaja vabastatud riigilõivu tasumisest.



5. Taotlused

Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskus palub Tallinna Halduskohtul: a. Võtta kaebus menetlusse.

b. Võtta asja materjalide juurde kaebaja esitatud näidispakkumuse osaks olev tootespetsifikatsioon

(kaebuse Lisa 2).

c. Rahuldada kaebus ja teha asjas uus otsus, millega jäetakse Mosaic OÜ vaidlustus rahuldamata.

d. Jätta poolte menetluskuld poolte endi kanda.

Lugupidamisega

(allkirjastatud digitaalselt)

Fredy Bogomolov

jurist

Lisad: Lisa 1. Volikiri Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskuse esindamiseks

Lisa 2. 7_1_IBM PowerS1012_tehniline kirjeldus (9)

2 https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/power10?topic=POWER10/p10hcd/fcen2y.html

Lõõtsa 8a / 11415 Tallinn / [email protected] / www.rit.ee / Registrikood 77001613

Meie 02.01.2025 nr 1-4/25-2

VOLIKIRI

Riigi Info-ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskus (registrikoodiga 77001613), mida Riigi Info- ja

Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskuse põhimääruse § 10 lõike 2 ning Majandus- ja

Kommunikatsiooniministeerium puhkuse muutmise taotlus-käskkirja nr. N100-1.4-3/147 alusel esindab

asedirektor Kairi Rais, volitab õigus- ja hankeosakonna juristi,

Fredy Bogomolov (isikukoodiga 39509203530),

esindama Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskust ning tegema kõiki menetlustoiminguid

kohtutes haldus-, tsiviil- ja kriminaalasjades kõigi õigustega, mis seadusega menetlusosalisele on ette nähtud

ning Rahandusministeeriumi juures asuvas Riigihangete Vaidlustuskomisjoni vaidlustusmenetluses koos

kõigi õigustega, mis on riigihangete seaduses ette nähtud hankijale või vaidlustuse läbivaatamisse kaasatud

kolmandale isikule. Samuti esindama Riigi Info- ja Kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia Keskust kui tööandjat

töövaidluste lahendamisel töövaidluskomisjonis.

Volikiri on kehtiv kuni 31.12.2025 või esindaja töösuhte lõppemiseni ning on antud edasivolitamise õiguseta.

Lugupidamisega

(allkirjastatud digitaalselt)

Kairi Rais

asedirektor

Redpaper

Front cover

IBM Power S1012 Technical Overview and Introduction

Tim Simon

Henry Vo

Dean Mussari

Tsvetomir Spasov

IBM Redbooks

IBM Power S1012 Introduction

August 2024

REDP-5728-00

© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2024. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

First Edition (August 2024)

This edition applies to the Power S1012 (9028-21B) .

This document was created or updated on August 23, 2024.

Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page v.

Contents

Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Authors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Now you can become a published author, too! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Comments welcome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii Stay connected to IBM Redbooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Summary of changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi August 2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Introduction to the IBM Power10 server family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2 Power10 server advantages for your enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.2.1 Respond faster to business demands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.2 Streamline insights and automation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.3 Protect data from core to cloud. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.4 Ensure uptime and reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2.5 Reduce energy usage and reduce carbon footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.3 Power10 Scale Out systems – now including Power S1012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3.1 Entry Systems and Enhanced Performance and Scale Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.4 Introducing the IBM Power10 S1012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.4.1 Power S1012 Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.4.2 Rack configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.4.3 Benefits of the Power S1012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.4.4 Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.4.5 Operating System Levels supported at GA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.4.6 IBM i Software Tiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.4.7 IBM i Subscription Term Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.4.8 Warranty coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.1 Power S1012 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.2 IBM Power10 processor technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

2.2.1 Power10 processor overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.2.2 Simultaneous multithreading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.2.3 Power10 compatibility modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.2.4 IBM Power10 processor packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.2.5 Processor packaging in Scale Out servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

2.3 IBM Power S1012 architecture and components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.3.1 IBM Power S1012 system board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.3.2 Processor module options for Power S1012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.3.3 Memory subsystem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.3.4 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.3.5 RDX drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.3.6 Host USB 3.0 ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.3.7 I/O subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2.4 Physical planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2024. iii

2.4.1 Power subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.4.2 Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.4.3 Thermal Design and Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Chapter 3. Power S1012 Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.1 IBM i entry system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.1.1 How IBM i benefits your business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.1.2 Power S1012 Benefits for IBM i customers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

3.2 Edge computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.3 Entry database solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.3.1 Oracle Database Standard Edition 2 on Power S1012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.4 Advanced configuration options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

3.4.1 Single rack high availability solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3.4.2 Enhanced IT management capability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Related publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 IBM Redbooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Online resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Help from IBM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

iv IBM Power S1012 Introduction

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vi IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Preface

This IBM® Redpaper publication is a comprehensive guide that covers the IBM Power S1012 (9028-21B) which is an entry-level server in the IBM Power10 Scale Out Server line. Like the other Power10 Scale Out Servers, the Power S1012 uses IBM Power10 processor-based technology and supports IBM AIX®, IBM i, and Linux (including Red Hat OpenShift).

The Power S1012 is especially suited for use in small IBM i environments, small database environments, and as an Edge computing device that is running various AI workloads. Although the Power S1012 is designed as an entry-level system, it still retains the benefits that are provided by the IBM Power10 chip for reliability, security, and enhanced performance.

One unique feature of the Power S1012 is the support of industry-standard DIMMs in its memory configuration. In addition, the system supports a maximum of four internal NVMe drives for internal storage and four PCIe Gen5 PCIe slots to provide high-performance connections to your users and other data sources.

This publication is intended for the following professionals who want to acquire a better understanding of IBM Power server products:

IBM Power customers Sales and marketing professionals Technical support professionals IBM Business Partners Independent software vendors (ISVs)

This paper is designed to complement the other IBM Redbooks publications that describe the Power10 server line. At the time of writing, this information is not yet included in the existing IBM Power S1014, S1022s, S1022, and S1024 Technical Overview and Introduction, REDP-5675.

Authors

This paper was produced by a team of specialists from around the world working at IBM Redbooks, Austin Center.

Tim Simon is an IBM Redbooks® Project Leader in Tulsa, Oklahoma, US. He has over 40 years of experience with IBM, primarily in a technical sales role working with customers to help them create IBM solutions to solve their business problems. He holds a BS degree in Math from Towson University in Maryland. He has worked with many IBM products and has extensive experience creating customer solutions using IBM Power, IBM Storage, and IBM System z® throughout his career.

Henry Vo is an IBM Redbooks Project Leader with 10 years experience in IBM. He has technical expertise in business problem solving, risk/root-cause analysis, and writing technical plans for business. He has held multiple roles at IBM including Project management, ST/FT/ETE Test, Back-End Developer, DOL agent for NY. He is a certified IBM zOS Mainframe Practitioner including IBM Z® System programming, Agile, and Telecommunication Development Jumpstart. Henry holds a Master’s degree in Management Information Systems from the University of Texas in Dallas.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2024. vii

Dean Mussari is an IBM Power Brand Technical Specialist in the National Market in the USA. He recently came to IBM bringing 35 years of experience working with IBM servers and storage solutions in large retail environments. His main area of expertise is Power Servers with a focus on IBM i. He holds a masters degree in computer science from Loyola University of Chicago.

Tsvetomir Spasov is a Power Servers Hardware Product Engineer in Sofia, Bulgaria. He has 8 years of experience with IBM in a RTS, SME and PE role. His main area of expertise is HMC, FSP, eBMC, POWERLC and GTMS. He holds a masters degree in Electrical Engineering from Technical University of Sofia.

Thanks to the following people for their contributions to this project:

Nicole Schwartz Nett, Power Systems Architect and Platform Engineer IBM Austin

Brandon Pederson, IBM i and Power Product Marketing Manager IBM Austin

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viii IBM Power S1012 Introduction

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Preface ix

x IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Summary of changes

This section describes the technical changes made in this edition of the paper and in previous editions. This edition might also include minor corrections and editorial changes that are not identified.

Summary of Changes for REDP-5728-00 IBM Power S1012 as created or updated on August 23, 2024.

August 2024

This revision includes the following new and changed information.

New information NEW SUPPORT for Live Partition Mobility

Made changes to indicate that starting with FW1060.10, Live Partition Mobility IS supported on the Power S1012.

This also includes support for vNIC and HNV.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2024. xi

xii IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers

IBM Power Systems are purpose-built for today's demanding and dynamic business environments. These new systems are optimized to run essential workloads, such as databases and core business applications, and to maximize the efficiency of containerized applications. A set of solutions with Red Hat OpenShift also enables IBM to collaborate with clients to connect critical workloads to new, cloud-native services that are designed to maximize the value of their existing infrastructure investments.

This chapter summarizes the offerings in IBM’s Power10 line of servers and introduces the newest member of the Scale Out server family, the IBM S1012 server. The following topics are presented:

1.1, “Introduction to the IBM Power10 server family” on page 2 1.2, “Power10 server advantages for your enterprise” on page 3 1.3, “Power10 Scale Out systems – now including Power S1012” on page 6 1.4, “Introducing the IBM Power10 S1012” on page 8

1

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2024. 1

1.1 Introduction to the IBM Power10 server family

IBM Power10 based servers bring unique value to mission-critical computing. The IBM Power10 family brings high-end server capabilities in a range of servers purpose-built for requirements ranging from entry-level workloads to extremely scalable high-performance servers. These systems not only provide high performance, in a highly available package, but they also support critical security features such as transparent memory encryption and advanced processor and system isolation.

IBM has designed different servers in the Power10 family to meet the needs of different business segments. The highest performing and most scalable server is the IBM Power E1080, which supports up to 240 Power10 cores and 64 TB of memory to support even the most demanding mission-critical workloads. The IBM Power E1050 is a midsize four socket Power10 based server supporting up to 96 cores and 16 TB of memory so that it can support data workloads with high memory requirements. The IBM Power10 Scale Out servers are a range of rack-mount and tower servers that provide enterprise-class reliability, security at a size to support smaller workloads, and meet your scale out computing requirements.

Figure 1-1 illustrates the range of Power10 servers, which provide support for your AIX, Linux, or IBM i workloads for high end, midrange, and scale out environments.

Figure 1-1 Power10 System

The Power10 processor-based server family uses the capabilities of the latest Power10 processor technology, which are defined in section 2.2, “IBM Power10 processor technology” on page 17, to deliver unprecedented security, reliability, and manageability for your cloud and cognitive workloads. IBM Power10 servers deliver industry-leading price and performance for your mission-critical workloads. The IBM Power10 line of servers provides the following benefits:

Improved Total Cost of Ownership. Scale up large, mission critical landscapes with fewer systems and less networking.

Industry leading scale and performance. Benchmarks that include a record SAP SD benchmark show a 2X increase in per core performance compared to x86 alternatives.1

1 https://www.sap.com/dmc/exp/2018-benchmark-directory/#/sd?sort=Benchmark%20Users&sortDesc=true

2 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Increased availability. Greater than 99.999% availability, which is necessary for mission critical workloads.

Enhanced Security

– Encryption enabled for 100% of data at rest and in motion. This is done using Quantum safe standards.

– Secure and Trusted Boot with TPM module.

Sustainability

– The 8-socket E1080 is 2x more energy efficient than a 16-socket x86.

– Saves 40%–80% in energy costs by upgrading to Power10 while reducing carbon footprint.

On chip AI acceleration. Built-in inference engine brings AI closer to your data to reduce cost and complexity.

1.2 Power10 server advantages for your enterprise

IBM Power10 based servers are designed to improve the way that you build information technology solutions in your enterprise. Because of the increased scalability and performance, the built-in AI capabilities, the built-in security enhancements, and the reliability innovations that are built into the system, you can gain the following benefits.

1.2.1 Respond faster to business demands

IBM Power10 based servers set a new standard for performance with containerized cloud-native applications. Designed with from one to eight sockets and with four times the number of processor threads compared to x86 alternative, Power10 servers can be sized to efficiently meet your business requirements.

1.2.2 Streamline insights and automation

IBM Power10 based servers can run inferencing models directly on the chip to bring AI closer to core enterprise data and applications. Power10 chips have four matrix math accelerator (MMA) engines per core, which are used to accelerate AI inference capabilities. With IBM’s broad portfolio of AI software, the processor can help infuse AI workloads into typical enterprise applications to glean more impactful insights from your data.

1.2.3 Protect data from core to cloud

IBM Power10 based servers enable advanced protection with workload isolation and platform integrity to the processor as part of a zero-trust approach. Each Power10 chip has eight cryptographic accelerators per core to offload encryption algorithms and allow for 100% data encryption with no performance implications.

The multi-layered approach to security of IBM Power gives you full visibility of your hardware and software. With the hardware-accelerated transparent memory encryption of IBM Power10, quantum-safe cryptography, and fully homomorphic encryption, it protects your data with comprehensive end-to-end security at every layer of the stack to address both today’s and tomorrow’s threats.

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers 3

IBM Power10 security is based on the following characteristics:

End-to-end security with full stack encryption:

– No additional management setup or performance impact for transparent memory encryption

– Compared with IBM Power9® hardware-accelerated encryption, 4x crypto engines in every core

– Support of Quantum-safe cryptography and fully homomorphic encryption for defending against threats.

Confidential computing for isolation and Integrity:

– Enhanced CPU isolation from Service Processors – Limit CPU resources accessible by BMC/FSP – Creates separate domains between service processor and CPU – Performance enhanced side channel avoidance – Protect against data leakage – Enhanced handling of automatic thread isolation from speculation-based attacks – Protect Integrity of Return Stack against Return-Oriented-Programming attacks – New in-core hardware architecture with low hardware footprint and standards-based

cryptography

Secure and Trusted boot for host and guest LPARs

Figure 1-2 shows the end to end encryption strategy of the IBM Power10 servers.

Figure 1-2 End to End encryption

1.2.4 Ensure uptime and reliability

Built with redundancies, substantial retry capabilities, and self-healing capabilities, Power10 servers provide class-leading infrastructure reliability. Power10 based servers provide better than 99.999% uptime. In addition, there is a rich variety of features and programs that support business continuity and disaster recovery solutions that are designed to meet your enterprise requirements.

4 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

1.2.5 Reduce energy usage and reduce carbon footprint

Upgrading to Power10 can reduce energy consumption, reduce datacenter floor space, and increase performance and capacity. For example, you can save 28 MWh per year with E1080 when compared to the E880C, which is enough to power nine houses in Germany for a year.

Figure 1-3 shows an example of a customer who migrated their existing workload to Power9 servers and then upgraded later to IBM Power10 servers. In the process, they reduced the number of servers that they had to support, reduced the number of software licenses required, and reduced their energy consumption and carbon footprint.

Figure 1-3 Carbon footprint impact of Power10 servers

Note: E880C and E1080 values are based on Energy Estimator and published rPerf. All other values are based on published maximum system rPerf performance and maximum energy consumption.

German household consumption is 3,149 kWh per year as of 2020 based on the following information at Housing News.

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers 5

1.3 Power10 Scale Out systems – now including Power S1012

To meet the requirements of smaller workloads, IBM delivers a range of entry level and Scale Out servers at price points so that you can meet your budget requirements. Figure 1-4 shows how IBM Power10 servers can be used from the Edge to the Cloud.

Figure 1-4 Power10 Scale Out options

1.3.1 Entry Systems and Enhanced Performance and Scale Systems

The Power10 Scale Out server offerings can be divided into two groups: Entry Systems and Enhanced Performance and Scale systems. These offerings allow you to customize your Power10 solution to meet your specific requirements. This section details these offerings.

Entry Systems The entry systems are one or two socket servers, which provide processor options starting as small as a single core to a maximum of 16 cores per system. Memory configurations range from 32 GB to 2 TB depending on the model and the memory options chosen. Each of these options offers differing levels of internal NVMe storage and offer 4–10 PCIe Gen4 and Gen5 slots.

In the entry systems, all cores are fully active with static activations. The IBM PowerVM® hypervisor is fully supported across each of the options. In general, these systems provide a 32% performance/price increase over the IBM Power9 based options. They typically have lower technical requirements and are designed for easier installation. Often, competitive deals are available.

Figure 1-5 on page 7 illustrates the highlights of each of the three entry systems and includes the S1012 in the Power10 Scale Out lineup. For more details about the Power S1012 model, see section 1.4, “Introducing the IBM Power10 S1012” on page 8. Additional technical details are provided in Chapter 2, “Power S1012 Technical Details” on page 15 and Chapter 3, “Power S1012 Use Cases” on page 35.

6 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Figure 1-5 Entry Systems

Enhanced Performance and Scale The enhanced performance and scale group includes four systems. Two of these systems, the S1022 and S1024, are designed as general purpose systems and support the full range of operating systems that are supported by Power10. The other two systems, the L1022 and L1024, are optimized for Linux workloads. Although all of the available cores can be used to support Linux partition, in the L10xx models, the number of cores running non-Linux operating systems are limited.

This group provides up to 50% performance/price increase and 1.4x more system performance compared to their Power9® based alternatives. These models provide up to 48 cores and an 8 TB memory footprint. They also offer Dynamic Capacity consumption with Capacity Upgrade on Demand (CUoD) and Private Enterprise Pools 2.0 (PEP2.0), which allows the client to provide a private cloud environment with dynamic capacity sharing across an enterprise that includes the use of pay as you go credits within a processor group. There are also several value driven solutions available for different industry workloads.

Figure 1-6 on page 8 shows the members of these groups and summarizes their capabilities. For more details on these servers, see IBM Power S1014, S1022s, S1022, and S1024 Technical Overview and Introduction, REDP-5675.

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers 7

Figure 1-6 Enhanced performance and scale systems

1.4 Introducing the IBM Power10 S1012

The IBM S1012 is a 1-Socket Power10 based system, which is offered in a rack (2U 1/2 rack format) or a desk side tower version. The system is designed as an entry point for customers and is particularly suited for low-end IBM i servers, small database servers or for Edge computing. It is unique in the Power10 server environment in that it supports industry standard DDR4 DIMMs for its memory configuration.

Figure 1-7 Two System S1012 systems rack mounted side-by-side in a single 2u space

1.4.1 Power S1012 Highlights

The following list highlights the features of the Power S1012:

Rack and Tower form factors. Rack version is a 2U half-wide form factor

Single Power10 eSCM processor with one of the following options:

– 1 SMT8 core (IBM i only) – 4 SMT8 cores – 8 SMT8 cores (rack only)

8 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Industry Standard DIMM support:

– Four slots for DDR4 DIMMs – System memory capacity up 256 GB max – Main memory encryption for added security

4 PCIe HHHL Gen5 slots:

– 2 PCIe G5 x8 / G4 x16 – 2 PCIe G5 x8 – No support for external PCIe drawer

Built in NVMe enclosure:

– Support for up to 4 NVMe U.2 Flash drives – 15 mm U.2 format (supports 7 mm in a 15 mm carrier) – 800 GB and 1.6 TB options available for NVMe drives – Provides up to 6.4 TB of storage – No support for external I/O drawers

Optional RDX

Secure and Trusted Boot with TPM module

Titanium power supplies to meet EU Efficiency Directives:

– 2x 800 W industry standard – 100–240 V AC C14 inlet – Built in advanced thermal and power management

Enterprise BMC managed

– HMC optional

Support for IBM i, AIX, and Linux (including OpenShift)

1.4.2 Rack configurations

The rack mount version of the Power S1012 is a 2u half-wide form factor. For installation in a rack, IBM provides a full rack width “cage” to hold either one or two systems in a 2U rack slot. There are three possible configurations for the Power S1012 in the rack:

1. Two side by side Power S1012 systems in the cage as shown in Figure 1-7 on page 8 2. Single Power S1012 system with a blank cover for the other half of the cage 3. Single Power S1012 system with an RDX enclosure installed in the other half

1.4.3 Benefits of the Power S1012

The Power S1012 is designed as an entry system, but it still benefits from the enterprise features that are available with all Power10 servers. The following enterprise and usability features are supported.

Flexible power supply and rack or desk side configurations The Power S1012 supports both 110 V and 220 V input voltages. This means that it can integrate into your environment whether you have a machine room environment or not. In your machine room, you can integrate the Power S1012 directly into existing racks and plug it into existing power distribution units (PDUs). The system can be shipped in a rack to your location, or you can integrate it into a new or existing rack that you provide. In non machine-room environments, it can be plugged directly into a wall outlet, which includes a 110-volt outlet in the US or other countries that run on 110 volts.

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers 9

Fully functional AI acceleration AI acceleration that uses the MMA engines built into the core is fully functional in the Power S1012. This functionality supports popular open source library instructions and supports low latency AI inferencing at the location where the data is being collected, which allows for data gravity.

Enhanced cryptography support Power10 includes 4x more crypto engines in every core compared to Power9. This accelerates encryption performance across the stack. For example, the performance of the widely used AES encryption algorithm is improved by 2.5x over Power9. With these innovations and with new in-core defenses against programming attacks and support for Post Quantum Encryption and Fully Homomorphic Encryption, your data is better protected.

Support for memory encryption With data residing in an increasingly distributed environment, you cannot set a perimeter to it anymore. This reinforces the need for layered security across IT stack. The Power10 family of servers introduce a layer of defense with transparent memory encryption. Transparent memory encryption is designed to simplify encryption and to support end-to-end security, without impacting performance, by using hardware features for a seamless user experience. Because this capability is enabled at the hardware level, there is no additional management setup or performance impact.

Processor chip and memory subsystem The Power S1012 uses the same eSCM module supported in the other Power10 Scale Out servers. The main differences are the number of cores active (one, four, or eight) and the number of OMI memory channels.

The use of OMI for memory connections provides a high-performance serial interface, which is common across all of the Power10 servers. The OMI interface is connected to memory controllers, which are soldered onto the system planar in the Power S1012. These buffered memory controllers translate the data packets from the OMI connection to support the use of Industry standard DIMMs.

Ease of use The Power S1012 enclosure is designed to not require extra brackets. EMC covers and shipping brackets are added or removed during installation. The Power S1012 LEDs are designed to support the maintenance and operation of the system and support a number of concurrent maintenance actions. Concurrent maintenance is the ability to fix a system while it is operational, such as installing, removing, or replacing an internal NVMe drive or replacing a power supply.

The Power S1012 can be managed with or without the use of an HMC. Although the HMC provides some significant management advantages, for some environments the ability to run without an HMC is a preferred option.

1.4.4 Limitations

There are some functions that are available on other Power10 Scale Out servers that are not supported on the Power S1012.

Support for static activations only Like all of the members of the entry-level group in the Power10 Scale Out server family, the Power S1012 supports only static activations. All processors and all of the memory are active from the factory. No support is provided for capacity on demand or Power Enterprise Pools.

10 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

No support for external PCIe expansion or external storage drawers Based on the use cases for this server, there is no plan to enable expansion of the number of PCIe slots or the number of NVMe storage devices.

No support for concurrent maintenance of PCIe slots Adding or removing a PCIe card from a PCIe slot in the Power S1012 requires that the server be removed from service and powered down.

Live Partition Mobility Support requires FM1060.10 or later Live Partition Mobility (LPM) allows the migration of an active partition between servers with no disruption. This functionality is only supported when firmware FW1060.10 or later is installed. This firmware level also introduces support for vNIC (Virtual Network Interface Controller) and HNV (Hybrid Network Virtualization) which are both features to enable partition migration.

Some advanced memory virtualization functions are not enabled There are some specific advanced memory virtualization functions that are not enabled on the Power S1012. These functions are used in systems with larger amounts of installed memory and were not enabled because they were not part of the primary use cases of the Power S1012. The following memory functions are not supported:

– Active memory mirroring (AMM) – Virtual Persistent Memory (vPMEM)

1.4.5 Operating System Levels supported at GA

The following is a list of the supported operating system levels that are supported at the general availability of the Power S1012:

VIOS

– VIOS 4.1.0.20 – VIOS 3.1.4.40 (P9 mode)

AIX

For AIX LPARs with any I/O defined, the following versions are supported:

– AIX Version 7.3 with the 7300-02 Technology Level and Service Pack 7300-02-02-2420, or later (running in P10 mode)

– AIX Version 7.3 with the 7300-01 Technology Level and Service Pack 7300-01-04-2420, or later (planned availability - 26 July 2024)

– AIX Version 7.2 with the 7200-05 Technology Level and Service Pack 7200-05-08-2420, or later (running in P9 mode)

If you install the AIX operating system in an LPAR with only Virtual I/O defined, the following versions are supported:

– AIX Version 7.3 with the 7300-00 Technology Level and service pack 7300-00-02-2220, or later

– AIX Version 7.2 with the 7200-05 Technology Level and service pack 7200-05-04-2220, or later

– AIX Version 7.1 with the 7100-05 Technology Level and Service Pack 7100-05-10-2220, or later (running in P8 mode)

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers 11

IBM i

– IBM i 7.4 TR10 or later – IBM i 7.5 TR4 or later

Linux. RHEL 9.2 for PowerLE or later

OpenShift. OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 or later

1.4.6 IBM i Software Tiers

The Power S1012 is eligible for the P05 software tier when it is ordered with either the single core or four core CPU options. When you use the eight core option, the system is in the P10 software tier.

The IBM i P05 and P10 software tiers are based not only on the number of cores, but they also have other system limits to qualify:

An entry POWER10 P05 server can have a maximum of 4 cores active with IBM i OS, 64 GB of RAM memory and 3.2 TB of NVMe (SSD) storage. This resource range is generally adequate for most entry small-to-medium (SMB) IBM i users.

An Enterprise Power10 P10 server can have up to 8 cores active with IBM i OS, 1 TB of RAM memory and 102 TB storage in the CEC.

1.4.7 IBM i Subscription Term Licensing

The IBM i licensing strategy for the Power S1012 is to offer subscription term licenses only. This is in line with the general strategy for all IBM i P05 and P10 offerings to be subscription term licensed only. Note that in the future, the P20 and P30 Tiers will also be migrated to subscription term licensing as well.

Subscription licensing is a trend across the industry. As customers continue to move to a consumption model to provide additional flexibility in their Information Technology infrastructure, subscription licenses allow a better connection between their consumption and their costs.

Subscription Term value to clients Moving to subscription licensing provides the following benefits to our clients:

Lower up-front costs; consistent payments Increased Flexibility (run / move to where you want) Simplicity (eliminate complex license/SWMA transfers) Improved technology currency

Acquisition options Clients who acquire the Power S1012 server have the following IBM i Licensing options:

Acquire or renew IBM i Subscription Term licenses

Convert IBM i non-expiring licenses from another machine to IBM i Subscription Term license at a lower-priced subscription term option. Note the following requirements:

– Active SWMA on the donor is required. – Transfer of IBM i non-expiring licenses is not supported.

Important: Support for AIX Version 7.1 requires that you have a valid service extension contract in place.

12 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

– Conversion pricing applies for 3-year, 4-year, and 5-year Subscription Terms.

1.4.8 Warranty coverage

Maintenance service for the Power S1012 is provided under warranty after purchase. IBM might attempt to resolve your problem over the telephone or electronically through an IBM website. There are also remote support capabilities for direct problem reporting, remote problem determination, and resolution with IBM. Following problem determination, if IBM determines on-site service is required, scheduling of service depends upon the warranty conditions and availability of parts.

The default warranty for the Power S1012 includes the following features:

Warranty Period: 3 years Service Level: IBM CRU and Onsite, 9x5 Next Business Day

The following warranty service upgrades are available:

IBM Onsite Repair, 9x5 Same Day and IBM Onsite Repair 24x7 Same Day

Service levels are response-time objectives and are not guaranteed. The specified level of warranty service might not be available in all worldwide locations. Contact your local IBM representative or your reseller for country-specific and location-specific information.

Chapter 1. IBM Power10 Servers 13

14 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details

This chapter provides a more in-depth view of the Power S1012 server. To understand the full abilities of the Power S1012, the review includes the architecture and capabilities of the IBM Power10 chip and the benefits it brings to your business in the area of performance, scalability, and security. The chapter includes a description of the different components of the Power S1012 and shows the different configuration options available for you to customize the server to your business needs.

The following topics are discussed:

2.1, “Power S1012 Overview” on page 16 2.2, “IBM Power10 processor technology” on page 17 2.3, “IBM Power S1012 architecture and components” on page 23 2.4, “Physical planning” on page 30

2

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2024. 15

2.1 Power S1012 Overview

The Power10 processor-based Scale Out servers integrate the capabilities of the Power10 processor technology to deliver unprecedented security, reliability, and manageability for your cloud and cognitive infrastructure. The Power10 processor-based Scale Out servers deliver industry-leading price and performance for your mission-critical workloads. These systems are ready for hybrid cloud deployment. Enterprise-grade virtualization capabilities are built into the system firmware with the PowerVM hypervisor.

The Power10 S1012 server is designed as an entry level Power10 Scale Out server that is targeted for clients with smaller CPU and memory requirements that are provided by other Power10 Scale Out servers. This server is ideal for smaller IBM i clients and for use in small database servers. It is also an excellent choice for use in edge computing, such as clusters that are running Red Hat OpenShift. The Power S1012 is available in either a rack mount or a stand-alone tower form factor. The rack mount is shown in Figure 2-1.

Figure 2-1 Rack mount version of a single Power S1012 System (sled)

The tower version is shown in Figure 2-2.

Figure 2-2 Tower version of the Power S1012

The Power S1012 is a single-socket server that supports up to eight SMT8 cores. The system supports industry-standard RDIMMs and has four slots to support up to 256 GB of memory. Memory encryption is supported for added security.

16 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

The system provides four PCIe Gen5 slots, which support half-height, half-length card formats for connectivity to networks and external storage. There is no on-board network card. Network connectivity is provided by an appropriate network interface controller (NIC) installed in one of the PCIe slots.

Internal storage is provided by four NVMe U.2 Flash Bays supporting up to 6.4 TB of internal NVMe storage. There is no SAS backplane supported on the Power S1012. RDX and other USB devices are supported.

Power for the Power S1012 is provided by dual Titanium power supplies, which meet EU Efficiency Directives and support voltages from 100–240 V AC with a C14 inlet.

System management is provided by an Enterprise BMC card. Use of the hardware management controller (HMC) is optional.

The S1012 is supported by IBM i, AIX, Linux, and Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform.

2.2 IBM Power10 processor technology

The IBM Power10 processor was introduced to the public on 17 August 2020 at the 32nd HOT CHIPS1 semiconductor conference. At that meeting, the capabilities and features of the IBM POWER® processor micro architecture and the Power Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) v3.1B were revealed and categorized according to the following Power10 processor design priority focus areas:

Data plane bandwidth:

– Terabyte per-second signaling bandwidth on processor functional interfaces – petabyte system memory capacities – 16-socket symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) scalability – memory clustering and memory inception capability

Powerful enterprise core

New core micro-architecture, flexibility, larger caches, and reduced latencies.

End-to-end security

Hardware-enabled security features that are co-optimized with PowerVM hypervisor support.

Energy efficiency

Up to threefold energy-efficiency improvement in comparison to Power9 processor technology.

Artificial intelligence (AI) infused core

A 10x–20x matrix math performance improvement per socket compared to the Power9 processor technology capability.

The remainder of this section provides more specific information about the Power10 processor technology as it is used in the Power S1012 server.

For more information about the IBM Power10 Processor session material that was presented at the 32nd HOT CHIPS conference, see IBM’s POWER10 Processor.

1 https://hotchips.org/

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 17

2.2.1 Power10 processor overview

The Power10 processor is a superscalar SMP that is manufactured in complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) 7 nm lithography with 18 layers of metal. The processor contains up to 15 cores that support eight simultaneous multithreading (SMT8) independent execution contexts.

Each core has private access to 2 MB L2 cache and local access to 8 MB of L3 cache capacity. The local L3 cache region of a specific core is also accessible from all other cores on the processor chip. The cores of one Power10 processor share up to 120 MB of latency optimized nonuniform cache access (NUCA) L3 cache.

The processor supports the following three distinct functional interfaces that can all run with a signaling rate of up to 32 Gigatransfers per second (GTps):

Open memory interface

The Power10 processor has eight memory controller unit (MCU) channels that support one open memory interface (OMI) port with two OMI links each2. One OMI link aggregates 8 lanes that are running at 32 GTps and connects to one memory buffer-based differential DIMM (DDIMM) slot to access main memory.

Physically, the OMI interface is implemented in two separate die areas of eight OMI links each. The maximum theoretical full-duplex bandwidth aggregated over all 128 OMI lanes is 1 TBps.

SMP fabric interconnect (PowerAXON)

A total of 144 lanes are available in the Power10 processor to facilitate the connectivity to other processors in an SMP architecture configuration. Each SMP connection requires 18 lanes, eight data lanes plus one spare lane per direction (2x(8+1)). In this way, the processor can support a maximum of eight SMP connections with a total of 128 data lanes per processor. This configuration yields a maximum theoretical full-duplex bandwidth aggregated over all SMP connections of 1 TBps.

The generic nature of the interface implementation also allows the use of 128 data lanes to potentially connect accelerator or memory devices through the OpenCAPI protocols. Also, it can support memory cluster and memory interception architectures.

Because of the versatile characteristic of the technology, it is also referred to as PowerAXON interface (Power A-bus/X-bus/OpenCAPI/Networking3). The OpenCAPI and the memory clustering and memory interception use cases can be pursued in the future and as of this writing are not used by available technology products.

PCIe Version 5.0 interface

To support external I/O connectivity and access to internal storage devices, the Power10 processor provides a differential PCIe Gen 5 bus with a total of 32 lanes.

The IBM Power10 processor has several design characteristics that differentiate it from other processor technologies. Some of these are listed in Table 2-1 on page 19.

2 The OMI links are also referred to as OMI subchannels. 3 A-buses (between CEC drawers) and X-bussed (within CEC drawers) provide SMP fabric ports.

18 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Table 2-1 Summary of the Power10 processor chip and processor core technology

The Power10 processor core inherits the modular architecture of the Power9 processor core but with a redesigned and enhanced micro-architecture that significantly increases the processor core performance and processing efficiency.

The peak computational throughput is markedly improved by new execution capabilities and optimized cache bandwidth characteristics. Extra matrix math acceleration engines can deliver significant performance gains for machine learning, particularly for AI inferencing workloads.

2.2.2 Simultaneous multithreading

Each core of the Power10 processor supports multiple hardware threads that represent independent execution contexts. If only one hardware thread is used, the processor core runs in single-threaded (ST) mode. The ability to support multiple concurrent threads within the processor allows Power10 based servers to scale to support even the most demanding workloads,

If more than one hardware thread is active, the processor runs in SMT mode. In addition to the ST mode, the Power10 processor core supports the following SMT modes:

SMT2: Two hardware threads active SMT4: Four hardware threads active SMT8: Eight hardware threads active

SMT enables a single physical processor core to simultaneously dispatch instructions from more than one hardware thread context. Computational workloads can use the processor core’s execution units with a higher degree of parallelism. This ability significantly enhances the throughput and scalability of multi-threaded applications and optimizes the compute density for single-threaded workloads.

SMT is primarily beneficial in commercial environments where the speed of an individual transaction is not as critical as the total number of transactions that are performed. SMT typically increases the throughput of most workloads, especially those workloads with large or frequently changing working sets, such as database servers and web servers.

Technology Power10 processor

Processor die size 602 mm2

Fabrication technology CMOSa 7 nm lithography 18 layers of metal

a. Complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)

Maximum processor cores per chip 15

Maximum execution threads per core / chip 8/120

Maximum L2 cache core 2 MB

Maximum On-chip L3 cache per core / chip 8 MB/120 MB

Number of transistors 18 billion

Processor compatibility modes Support for Power ISAb of IBM Power8® and IBM Power9

b. Power instruction set architecture (Power ISA)

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 19

The Power10 processor-based scale-out servers use the Power10 enterprise-class processor variant in which each core can run with up to eight independent hardware threads. If all threads are active, the mode of operation is referred to as 8-way simultaneous multithreading (SMT8) mode. A Power10 core with SMT8 capability is named Power10 SMT8 core. The Power10 core also supports modes with four active threads (SMT4), two active threads (SMT2), and one single active thread (ST).

The SMT8 core includes two execution resource domains. Each domain provides the functional units to service up to four hardware threads.

Figure 2-3 shows the functional units of an SMT8 core where all eight threads are active. The two execution resource domains are highlighted with colored backgrounds in two different shades of blue.

Figure 2-3 Power10 SMT8 core

Each of the two execution resource domains supports 1–4 threads and includes four vector scalar units (VSU) of 128-bit width, two matrix math accelerator (MMA) units, and one quad-precision floating-point (QP) and decimal floating-point (DF) unit.

One VSU and the directly associated logic are called an execution slice. Two neighboring slices can also be used as a combined execution resource, which is then named super-slice. When operating in SMT8 mode, eight SMT threads are subdivided in pairs that collectively run on two adjacent slices, as indicated by colored backgrounds in different shades of green in Figure 2-3.

In SMT4 or lower thread modes, 1–2 threads each share a four-slice resource domain. Figure 2-3 also shows other essential resources that are shared among the SMT threads, such as instruction cache, instruction buffer, and L1 data cache.

The SMT8 core supports automatic workload balancing to change the operational SMT thread level. Depending on the workload characteristics, the number of threads that are running on one chiplet can be reduced from four to two and even further to only one active thread. An individual thread can benefit in terms of performance if fewer threads run against the core’s execution resources.

Micro-architecture performance and efficiency optimization lead to a significant improvement of the performance per watt signature compared with the previous Power9 core implementation.

20 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

The overall energy efficiency per socket is better by a factor of approximately 2.6, which demonstrates the advancement in processor design that is manifested by the Power10 processor.

The Power10 processor core includes the following key features and improvements that affect performance:

Enhanced load and store bandwidth Deeper and wider instruction windows Enhanced data prefetch Branch execution and prediction enhancements Instruction fusion

Enhancements in the area of computation resources, working set size, and data access latency are described next. The change in relation to the Power9 processor core implementation is provided in square parentheses.

Enhanced computation resources The following computational resource enhancements are available:

Eight vector scalar unit (VSU) execution slices, each supporting 64-bit scalar or 128-bit single instructions multiple data (SIMD) [+100% for permute, fixed-point, floating-point, and crypto (Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)/SHA) +400% operations].

Four units for matrix math accelerator (MMA) acceleration each capable of producing a 512-bit result per cycle [+400% Single and Double precision FLOPS plus support for reduced precision AI acceleration].

Two units for quad-precision floating-point and decimal floating-point operations instruction types.

Larger working sets The following major changes were implemented in working set sizes:

L1 instruction cache: 2 x 48 KB 6-way (96 KB total); +50% L2 cache: 2 MB 8-way; +400% L2 translation lookaside buffer (TLB): 2 x 4K entries (8K total); +400%

Data access with reduced latencies The following major changes reduce latency for load data:

L1 data cache access at four cycles nominal with zero penalty for store-forwarding; (2 fewer clock cycles than Power9) for store forwarding

L2 data access at 13.5 cycles nominal (2 fewer clock cycles than Power9) L3 data access at 27.5 cycles nominal (8 fewer clock cycles than Power9) Translation lookaside buffer (TLB) access at 8.5 cycles nominal for effective-to-real

address translation (ERAT) miss, including for nested translation (7 fewer clock cycles than Power9)

Micro-architectural innovations that complement physical and logic design techniques and specifically address energy efficiency include the following examples:

Improved clock-gating Reduced flush rates with improved branch prediction accuracy Fusion and gather operating merging Reduced number of ports and reduced access to selected structures Effective address (EA)-tagged L1 data and instruction cache yield ERAT access on a

cache miss only

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 21

In addition to significant improvements in performance and energy efficiency, security represents a major architectural focus area. The Power10 processor core supports the following security features:

Enhanced hardware support that provides improved performance while mitigating for speculation-based attacks

Dynamic Execution Control Register (DEXCR) support Return oriented programming (ROP) protection

2.2.3 Power10 compatibility modes

The Power10 core implements the Processor Compatibility Register (PCR) as described in the Power instruction set architecture (ISA) version 3.1, primarily to facilitate live partition mobility (LPM) to and from previous generations of IBM Power hardware.

Depending on the specific settings of the PCR, the Power10 core runs in a compatibility mode that pertains to Power9 (Power ISA version 3.0) or Power8 (Power ISA version 2.07) processors. The support for processor compatibility modes also enables older operating systems versions of AIX, IBM i, Linux, or Virtual I/O server environments to run on Power10 processor-based systems.

The Power10 processor-based scale-out servers support the Power8, Power9 Base, Power9, and Power10 compatibility modes.

2.2.4 IBM Power10 processor packaging

The Power10 processor is delivered in a variety of package options across the IBM Power10 server line. For the high-end enterprise server, the Power10 E1080, the processor is packaged as a single core module (SCM). Up to 16 SCMs can be interconnected to provide a 16 socket high-performance enterprise server. For the mid-range and Scale Out servers, the processors are packaged as dual core modules (DCM). The Scale Out systems use either one or two DCMs, and up to four DCMs can be integrated in the mid-range enterprise E1050 servers as shown in Figure 2-4.

Figure 2-4 Single Core and Dual Core Modules in the Power10 server

22 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

2.2.5 Processor packaging in Scale Out servers

For the Power10 processor based scale-out servers, the Power10 processor is packaged as either a DCM or as an eSCM:

The DCM contains two directly coupled Power10 processor chips plus more logic that is needed to facilitate power supply and external connectivity to the module.

The Power S1022 and the Power S1024 servers use DCM modules, as does the Power S1014 when equipped with the 24-core processor option.

The eSCM is a special derivative of the DCM where all active compute cores run on the first chip. The second chip contributes only extra PCIe connectivity, which makes it essentially a switch:

The Power S1012, Power S1014 (4-core and 8-core options) and the Power S1022s servers are based on eSCM technology. The benefit to this is that these eSCM-based servers qualify as single socket servers for the purposes of licensing. This can significantly reduce the software licensing costs for many software packages.

Figure 2-5 illustrates the differences between the DCM and eSCM modules.

Figure 2-5 Scale Out module options DCM and eSCM

2.3 IBM Power S1012 architecture and components

The Power S1012 is designed to provide an entry-level configuration option within the Power10 server family. The processor is delivered as an eSCM with the processor and memory components enabled on Chip-0 and the PCIe connectivity split between Chip-0 and Chip-1.

The Power S1012 includes a system board with the CPU and four industry standard DIMM slots, four PCIe Gen5 slots, four NVMe M2 slots, and dual power supplies. The system is managed by an on-board eBMC card.

The system is available in either a rack-mount version or a tower model. The rack mount format is a 2U half-wide format. Figure 2-6 shows the rack enclosure components.

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 23

Figure 2-6 Rack mount enclosure components

Figure 2-7 shows the components of the tower version of the Power S1012.

Figure 2-7 Desk side (tower) components

2.3.1 IBM Power S1012 system board

The Power S1012 form factor is a half rack server enclosure, which is a different form factor than the original Power10 Scale Out servers and therefore requires a different system board. The system board contains the following components:

Processor - eSCM Voltage regulators Memory controllers Industry standard DIMM slots Service Processor (eBMC) components Gen4 switch 4 PCIe slots (all support x8 Gen 5)

24 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Figure 2-8 is a high-level view of the Power S1012 system board.

Figure 2-8 System board components

2.3.2 Processor module options for Power S1012

By design, the Power S1012 is a 1-socket server, which supports the installation of one eSCM module. The difference between the DSM and the eSCM processor modules is shown in section 2.2.5, “Processor packaging in Scale Out servers” on page 23. The Power S1012 can be procured with one, four, or eight cores active.

The supported processor activation types and use models vary within the Power10 processor based scale-out server model types. The Power S1012 supports only the classical static processor activation model. All functional cores of the configured modules are delivered with processor activation features at initial order. This use model provides static and permanent processor activations.

There are three processor offerings available in the Power S1012, which are detailed in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Processor options available

The processors support Enhanced Workload Optimized Frequency to support optimum performance. The maximum frequency is achievable without reducing cores. Processor

Feature Code

Processor Entitlementa

a. One processor entitlement must be ordered for each processor core.

Processor Cores

Typical Frequency Range

IBM i Software Tier

EPGZ EPFY 8 3.00 to 3.90 GHz P10

EPG7 EPFV 4 3.00 to 3.90 GHz P05

EPG3b,c

b. Support for IBM i in native mode only. c. The one-core processor option is only available in the tower configuration.

EPFW 1 3.00 to 3.90 GHz P05

Tip: The one core processor option is not available in the rack configuration. However, it is possible to have a single core server in a rack-mounted form factor by purchasing the four core processor (EPG7) with quantity three of feature code (FC) 2319. FC 2319 allows you to permanently deactivate a single core in a server. FC 2319 can be used to reduce software licensing requirements.

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 25

frequencies are dynamic and are set to Max Performance Mode by default. The default can be changed by using the system management tools. For more information, see IBM EnergyScale for Power10 Processor-Based Systems. Additional information is also provided in Chapter 2 of IBM Power S1014, S1022s, S1022, and S1024 Technical Overview and Introduction, REDP-5675.

2.3.3 Memory subsystem

The Power10 processor is designed with an enhanced memory connection, the Open Memory Interface (OMI). The OMI enables extremely low-latency and high-bandwidth RAM by using serial connections. Using serial memory communications to off-chip controllers reduces the number of signaling lanes to and from the chip, increases the bandwidth, so the processor is not restricted by what technology is in the memory, which makes the system flexible and future proofed.

The Power S1012 is unique in that it supports industry-standard DIMMs. By using industry standard DIMMs, the lower cost of memory for the Power S1012 helps provide a lower entry point for Power10 servers. To enable the use of these industry-standard DIMMs, the controller that provides the interface between the Power10 OMI interface and the DDR memory slots is soldered onto the system board. There are four DIMM slots available on the system board.

DIMMs supported The Power S1012 provides a high-bandwidth, buffered memory architecture that supports up to 102 GBps peak memory bandwidth per socket. There are four DIMM slots on the system board, each of which supports a DDR4 memory DIMM. The maximum memory is 256 GB per server. Table 2-3 details the memory feature codes available on the system.

Table 2-3 Memory feature codes supported on the Power S1012

DIMM plug rules DIMMs must be installed in pairs. Each feature code that is shown in Table 2-3 delivers two DIMMs. You can populate either two slots or four slots. Table 2-4 shows the memory DIMM placement rules.

Table 2-4 DIMM placement diagram

Note: Although Active Memory Mirroring is available in other Power10 Scale Out servers, it is not supported by the Power S1012. However, Active Memory Expansion, which is available on AIX and VIOS LPARs, uses compression to logically expand the memory on an LPAR and is supported on the Power S1012.

Feature Code DIMM Size DRAM Speed Memory Bandwidth (Per Socket)

EMBN 2x 16 GB 2U DIMM 3200 MHz 102 GB/s

EMBW 2x 32 GB 2U DIMM 3200 MHz 102 GB/s

EMBY 2x 64 GB 2U DIMM 3200 MHz 102 GB/s

EMBP Active Memory Expansiona

a. Add on feature

n/a n/a

DIMM slot P0-C6 P0-C7 P0-C9 P0-C8

First Pair x x

Second Pair x x x x

26 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Figure 2-9 shows the DIMM slot locations that are described in Table 2-4 on page 26.

Figure 2-9 System board with location codes

2.3.4 Storage

Internal storage for the Power S1012 is provided by up to four NVMe drives installed in the chassis. There is no SAS backplane that is supported on the Power S1012, and there is no support for any SAS or NVMe storage drawer.

There is the option to attach devices through the USB ports that are provided on the system board, which includes support for the RDX device docking station. External SAN storage is supported by using the appropriate SAN cards, which are either Fibre Channel or Ethernet connected.

Internal storage options There is one PCIe Gen4 switch on the system board to support the connection of the NVMe drives and the USB controller to the processors. Up to four NVMe drives are supported on the NVMe riser card that is installed in the system. The system also supports an internal RDX drive, which is attached through the USB controller. In the rack mount configuration, there is an external RDX enclosure that can be installed in the space that is adjacent to the system in the rack.

NVMe Drives The Power S1012 has four NVMe drive slots. The drive communications and power are provided through cables to the system board. High-speed Oculink cables are used for the PCIe and control signals.

The NVMe slots in the riser card are 15 mm slots, which support both 15 mm NVMe U2 drives and 7 mm NVMe U2 drives that use a 15 mm carrier. Each NVMe drive can be independently assigned to an LPAR for use as a boot disk or as data storage. The NVMe U2 drives support concurrent add, remove, and replace.

The following NVMe drives are supported in the Power S1012:

0.8 TB 4K U.2 15 mm 18 W PCIe Gen4 Enterprise Class 1.6 TB 4K U.2 15 mm 18 W PCIe Gen4 Enterprise Class

Important: All DIMMs within a single system must be the same type.

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 27

The NVMe drives are installed in the front of the system as shown in Figure 2-10.

Figure 2-10 NVMe drive placement

2.3.5 RDX drive

The Power S1012 supports the connection of an RDX disk enclosure for additional internal storage and backups. The RDX can be installed internally in the tower/desk side format and can be installed in a rack enclosure for the rack-mounted format.

The RDX is attached through the USB port on the system and supports the following media types:

320 GB Disk Cartridge (EU08) 500 GB Disk Cartridge (1107) 1 TB Disk Cartridge (EU01) 1.5 TB Disk Cartridge (EU15) 2 TB Disk Cartridge (EU2T)

2.3.6 Host USB 3.0 ports

There are 2 USB 3.0 ports that are included in the system:

1x USB 3.0 port in the front 1x USB 3.0 port internal only for RDX attach

The host USB controller can be unconfigured by the customer by using the Enterprise BMC System Management web interface and disabling all the host USB ports. Individual ports cannot be disabled.

2.3.7 I/O subsystem

The Power S1012 provides four PCIe slots to provide connectivity to devices and networking. There is not a LAN card on the system board, so one of the slots must be used for a network card. There are no external I/O drawers supported.

PCIe slots There are four PCIe slots provided in the Power S1012. One slot is required for a LAN card for connectivity to the system. The other three are available for other PCIe requirements. All of the slots support Gen5 cards. Because PCIe is compatible with earlier versions, these slots

28 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

also support earlier generation cards. Table 2-5 lists the characteristics for each PCIe slot in the system.

Table 2-5 PCIe Slot Properties Overview

Supported PCIe adapters The PCIe adapters that are shown in Table 2-6 are supported in the Power S1012 at general availability.

Table 2-6 Adapters supported at general availability

The Power S1012 might support a future PCIe adapter that runs hot or has strict temperature limits. To adequately cool these adapters, the fan floor might be set at a higher RPM when the adapters are installed in the system. Though temperature monitoring is also supported on some of the adapters, a high fan floor might still be needed to prevent oscillations in fan speeds. Higher fan floors can result in noticeable increases in system noise. Adapter support can change after the Power S1012 general availability. For the current list of supported adapters, see Adapter information by feature code.

Important: The PCIe slots are not hot pluggable in the Power S1012.

IO Slot Location

Code Source PCIe Spec and

Lanes Max Data

Rate Card Size Power

Capability

P0-C0 Proc Chip 1 -E1 G5 x8 / G4 x16 32 GT/s HHHL 75W

P0-C1 Proc Chip 1 -E0 G5 x8 32 GT/s HHHL 75W

P0-C2 Proc Chip 1 -E1 G5 x8 / G4 x16 32 GT/s HHHL 75W

P0-C3 Proc Chip 1 -E0 G5 x8 32 GT/s HHHL 75W

Adapter Feature

Code Adapter Description

EN1B 2-port PCIe Gen3 x8 Fibre Channel 32 Gb/s

EN1K 2-port PCIe Gen4 x8 Fibre Channel 32 Gb/s

EN2B 2-port PCIe Gen3 x8 Fibre Channel 16 Gb/s

EJ2C PCIe Gen3 x8 SAS Tape HBA 12 Gb

EC71 2-port PCIe Gen4 x8 25 Gb/10 Gb/1 Gb EN ConnectX-6

EC73 2-port 25 Gb EN ConnectX-6 Crypto

EC2X 4-port PCIe Gen3 x8 10 Gb ENET

EC2Y 4-port 1 GB ENET

5260 4-port x4 1 Gb ENETa

a. Migration support only

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 29

Firmware slot capabilities Each adapter in the system is allocated a direct memory address (DMA) space to enable communication from the PCIe adapter and the system. In the Power S1012, PCIe slots are allocated DMA space by using the following algorithm:

All slots are allocated a 2 GB default DMA window.

All I/O adapter slots (except the embedded USB) are allocated Dynamic DMA Window (DDW) capability. The amount of DDW allocated is based on the amount of memory that is installed in the server. DDW capability is calculated assuming 4K I/O mappings:

– For systems with less than 64 GB of memory, slots are allocated 16 GB of DDW capability.

– For systems with at least 64 GB of memory, but less than 128 GB of memory, slots are allocated 32 GB of DDW capability.

– For systems with 128 GB or more of memory, slots are allocated 64 GB of DDW capability.

Slots can be enabled with Huge Dynamic DMA Window capability (HDDW) using the I/O Adapter Enlarged Capacity setting in ASMI.

– HDDW enabled slots are allocated enough DDW capability to map all of installed platform memory using 64 K I/O mappings.

– Minimum DMA window size for HDDW enabled slots is 32 GB.

– Slots that are HDDW enabled are allocated the larger of the calculated DDW capability or HDDW capability.

2.4 Physical planning

The Power S1012 is supported in two form factors: rack mount and tower or desk side. There is support for converting the rack mount to a tower form factor or converting a tower to a rack mount form factor. These two form factors are shown in Figure 2-11.

Figure 2-11 Rack and tower form factors

Factory integration for the Power S1012 is supported in the 7965-S42 rack and field integration is supported in previous 7014-T00 and 7014-T42 enterprise racks.

Table 2-7 on page 31 provides details on the physical dimensions of the Power S1012 in its different form factors.

30 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Table 2-7 Physical dimensions of rack mount and tower form factors

2.4.1 Power subsystem

The Power S1012 system is designed to operate within a power range that is supported by one 800 W power supply when fully configured. All systems ship with two 800 W power supplies for redundancy.

2.4.2 Power Supplies

The power supplies supported in the Power S1012 are 800 W AC supplies with card edge connectors. The 800 W power supply is a Common Redundant Power Supply (CRPS) Titanium power supply that supports input voltages of 100–127 V AC or 200–240 V AC. The power supplies are concurrently maintainable.

The Power S1012 system has redundant power supplies in a 1+1 configuration (1 required, 1 redundant). Both supplies are required and redundant supplies are always installed at the factory. The system can run with the loss of the redundant power supply.

The power supplies connect by using a card edge connection directly to the power distribution board, which is bolted to the system board. Each power supply unit (PSU) has an interlock mechanism that prevents the PSU from being removed from the chassis while its line cord is connected. This insures that input power is removed from the PSU before it is removed from the chassis. Communication between the integrated controller in the power supply and the eBMC occurs through an I2C bus. Diagnostics are implemented by eBMC POWR code. Diagnostic LEDs are located within the power supply chassis, visible from the rear. The power supply uses a bi-color LED; Amber and Green. Table 2-8 shows the LED states for each power supply operating state.

Table 2-8 Power supply LED indicators

Single system Single system (in

Rack) Tower

Max weight (lbs) 25 45 54 (est)

Height (in) 3.5 3.5 16.2

Width, overall (in)a

a. Width, overall is measured to the outside edges of drawer bezels and tower pedestal. Width, within rack is measured for main chassis, which fits between rack EIA flanges.

8.8 19 4.4 (8.3 with tip plate)

Depth (in)b

b. Depth for drawer: From rack EIA outside surface to back PCIe tailstock surface of the system. Depth for tower: From front edge of the bezel to back edge of the pedestal.

26 30.2 30.9

Rack mountable Yes Yes No

Ferrous materials Yes Yes Yes

Power Supply Condition LED State

Output ON and OK. Green

No AC power to any power supply. OFF

AC present but only 12 VSB on. The Power supply is off or is in Smart On state.

Blink Green (1 Hz)

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 31

2.4.3 Thermal Design and Control

The Power S1012 is designed and tested to meet the ASHRAE A3 specifications. In some cases, the system configuration or performance might be reduced to stay within the thermal envelope and protect the system from thermal damage. Power10 modules run with Workload Optimized Frequency (WOF) enabled by default.

On Power10 processors, each processor module VPD contains a #v record with the static temperatures for the core, IO, and MMA regions. The core temperature is used for ramping fans, throttling, and error callouts. The IO temperature is used for ramping fans.

Air Movement Devices Two counter-rotating 60 mm x76 mm fans and the power supply fans are used to cool the system. The fan speeds are controlled by the firmware along with the eBMC. The power supply fans are set once by firmware at a high enough speed to cool a portion of the system. Thermal control loops are run to protect processors, memory, I/O, disk drives and voltage regulator modules. The loops control fan speed and force power reduction actions where needed. Errors are logged and components are called out when the temperatures cannot be maintained within the thermal limits.

Ambient Temperature Thresholds There are three ambient temperature thresholds that generate error log events and power recovery actions. These limits are defined as:

Warning Limit The ambient warning temperature is set at the ambient operating limit. The ambient temperature should be reduced if it exceeds this threshold.

A customer notification occurs when the temperature exceeds this threshold. A second notification should occur when the warning condition is reset – the temperature falls below the threshold.

Critical Limit The critical temperature limit is the temperature at which the system should not continue normal operations and should be shutdown. Power control generates an EPOW3, which indicates the threshold has been exceeded and if the ambient temperature does not decrease to below the critical ambient reset threshold, then the power control

The AC cord is unplugged or AC power is lost while the second power supply is operational (with AC power connected).

Amber

Power supply warning events such as: high temperature high power high 12 V current slow fan

The power supply continues to operate

Blink Amber (1 Hz)

Power supply critical event causing main output power to shutdown.

Amber

Power supply firmware updating Blink Green (2 Hz)

Power Supply Condition LED State

32 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

system forces power off after a defined number of minutes without any additional notifications.

A customer notification occurs when the temperature exceeds this threshold. A second notification should occur when the warning condition is reset – the temperature falls below the threshold.

Maximum Limit The maximum ambient temperature is the level at which the system is not allowed to operate and must be shutdown immediately. Power control generates an EPOW4 and forces power off in a defined number of seconds.

These limits are summarized in Table 2-9.

Table 2-9 Temperature limit summary

Limit Temperature Limit Ambient Temperature Limit

Warning Limit 45°C (113°F) 42°C (117.6°F)

Warning Limit reset 42°C (117.6°F) 39°C (102.2°F)

Critical Limit EPOW3. Force power of in approximately 15 minutes

53°C (127.4°F) 50°C (122°F)

Critical Limit reset 48°C (118.4°F) 45°C (113°F)

Maximum Limit EPOW4. Force power off in approximately 20 seconds

58°C (136.4°F) 55°C (131°F)

Chapter 2. Power S1012 Technical Details 33

34 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Chapter 3. Power S1012 Use Cases

The Power S1012 can be a valuable asset in your infrastructure for a myriad of uses. Because it is based on the same technology as all of the other Power10 servers, it provides a unique mix of enterprise availability, flexibility, and performance that is not found in the x86 based servers that you might otherwise choose to fit in this entry-level class. This chapter includes details about some specific areas where the Power S1012 can provide unique value for your enterprise Information Technology infrastructure.

This chapter describes the following use cases:

3.1, “IBM i entry system” on page 36 3.2, “Edge computing” on page 38 3.3, “Entry database solutions” on page 40 3.4, “Advanced configuration options” on page 41

3

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2024. 35

3.1 IBM i entry system

IBM i and its predecessors have a long history of providing benefits to users. At its core, the IBM i platform is designed to adapt to the ever-changing needs of both business and computing. Its defining characteristic, the “integration” represented by the “i” in IBM i, can help you gain more value from advanced technology with fewer resources and higher reliability

3.1.1 How IBM i benefits your business

Many thousands of companies around the world rely on IBM i because they want a more resilient, more secure, and more cost-efficient alternative to Microsoft Windows technology-based servers for their most important business data and applications.

Midsized companies in particular have two key requirements: to maximize their IT investments and to use these investments as the company’s requirements grow. Unlike Windows technology-based servers, the IBM i operating environment is almost always used to run multiple business applications and databases securely and efficiently on the same server. As a result, clients report that they have fewer servers to manage with IBM i when compared to Windows1. This optimization of assets helps companies avoid the costs of acquiring and managing a new server every time the business needs to deploy another application. Ease of deployment, upgrades and management gives IBM i a significant advantage when evaluating the total cost of operation (TCO).

The IBM i business is known for its adaptability. This has allowed IBM to invest in making IBM i a platform that provides a strong foundation for technical and business innovation for both IBM and clients. IBM i provides a secure integrated system that has been used by many independent software vendors (ISVs) as a base for their applications, which include financial services, health care, retail management, wholesale distribution, and insurance. Some of the reasons for the success of IBM i in a wide variety of industries is described in this section.

Integration The defining characteristic of IBM i is the integration of software solutions into the operating system to enhance its adaptability for industry and business need, which gives you more value with fewer resources and a highly reliable system. It is fully integrated, which means the database, middleware, security, runtime, and hypervisor are integrated into the stack and licensed as one solution.

Adaptability The adaptability of IBM i has allowed IBM to invest in making the platform provide a strong foundation for technical and business innovation. Applications can be integrated with new technologies such as AI, IOT, and data analytics to add value and opportunities for applications.

Lower TCO IBM i is a fully integrated operating system, meaning the database, middleware, security, runtime, and hypervisor are integrated into the stack and licensed as one solution. Clients do not have to pay for support on each individual component, thereby lowering total cost of ownership (TCO) and simplifying the platform running your business applications. Autonomous features require little to no administration and can be managed remotely from any device with IBM Navigation for i.

1 https://www.precisionsg.com/erp-blog/ibm-i-and-iseries-servers-the-surprising-to tal-cost-of-ownership-2/

36 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Nearly 2X ROI Forrester Consulting found that clients deploying IBM i on premises or in the cloud realized on average a 191% return on investment (ROI) and a payback of just 6 months for their business. These clients also saw savings of $1.06 million in reduced system downtime costs and an increase in productivity of $470,000 over three years2.

Security Use authority collection capabilities to track and monitor who is using which objects and how, which is critical for determining security policies and rules. These capabilities provide enhanced security for your most business-critical and sensitive applications and data. IBM i is an Object-based architecture, which means that a program cannot masquerade as something else. This protects the environment from viruses and security breaches.

Flexible Licensing and Support One annual payment provides both software licenses and SWMA together in a single subscription price. This provides lower TCO and increases flexibility.

Simplified Systems Management IBM i has autonomous features that require little to no administration, reducing the need for large system administration teams. Manage IBM i environments remotely from any device with IBM Navigator for i and IBM i Mobile Access.

3.1.2 Power S1012 Benefits for IBM i customers

The Power S1012 system is ideal for the small to midsize shop that needs all of the benefits that IBM i offers in a smaller package. Many IBM i customers have multiple locations such as stores, distribution centers, and warehouses, where there is not a data center and where space is a premium resource. The Power S1012 has the security, reliability, and performance that are required for the workloads that are run in those locations in a compact footprint, either rack mounted or tower, and at a competitive price point.

Customer example 1 The first customer example is a company with a large number of small stores. The requirement in each store is one or two processor cores and less than 128 GB of memory. A single 4-port network card and mirrored NVMe drives complete the configuration. These requirements easily fit within the Power S1012 with a reduced footprint compared to other options. The flexibility of either rack-mount or tower configurations, and the ability to run with standard 110 V power outlets add additional benefits and cost savings. Support for IBM i provides the ease of management and integrated solution to which the customer is accustomed.

Customer example 2 Customer is running a small warehouse where physical compute is relegated to a small space. They require the availability that IBM i is known for. CPU workload is consistently in the 20–40% range. If they require HA, the solution fits within 2U space in a Rack.

Customer example 3 Multiple similar IBM i environments are in a distributed environment. In this example, a chain retailer runs a small IBM i environment in every store. They are identical in software and

2 https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/signup?formid=urx-52179

Chapter 3. Power S1012 Use Cases 37

configuration. CPU usage is consistent and predictable. The Power S1012 includes four NVMe drives that are mirrored for availability, which provides sufficient storage.

The following applications are included:

Inventory management Ordering Signage Hand-held RF gun support Point of sale

The environment includes a single thin client with two network interface ports. Port one is directly connected into the Power S1012 and is used for console connectivity by service personal only. Port two is connected to the store network where it is used as an interactive client for the IBM i system.

At the POS an item is scanned, the price is looked up and verified, inventory is adjusted, and an order is placed to the distribution center for replenishment.

3.2 Edge computing

The explosive growth and increasing computing power of IoT devices has resulted in unprecedented volumes of data and those data volumes continue to grow as 5G networks increase the number of connected mobile devices. In the past, the promise of cloud and AI was to automate and speed up innovation by driving actionable insight from data. But the unprecedented scale and complexity of data that is created by connected devices has outpaced network and infrastructure capabilities.

Sending all device-generated data to a centralized data center or to the cloud causes bandwidth and latency issues. Edge computing offers a more efficient alternative. Data is processed and analyzed closer to the point where it is created. Because data does not traverse a network to a cloud or data center to be processed, latency is reduced. Edge computing and mobile edge computing on 5G networks enable faster and more comprehensive data analysis, which creates the opportunity for deeper insights, faster response times, and improved customer experiences.

Edge computing is a distributed computing framework that brings enterprise applications closer to data sources such as IoT devices or local edge servers. This proximity to data at its source can deliver strong business benefits, including faster insights, improved response times, and better bandwidth availability. Characteristically, edge is distributed, software defined, and flexible. The value of edge is the movement of computing resources to the physical location where data is created, transacted, or stored, thereby increasing enablement of business processes, decisions, and intelligence outside of the core IT environment. Figure 3-1 on page 39 shows an example of edge computing.

38 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Figure 3-1 An example Edge and Core environment

Power S1012 benefits for edge computing with AI The Power S1012 provides several features that make it an excellent choice for an edge computing environment. The Power S1012 provides an entry-level compute platform that brings benefits that are designed into the Power10 chip:

Built-in AI acceleration circuitry to run AI workloads without the requirement for expensive GPU cards

Built in reliability, availability, and serviceability options to provide a highly available AI platform

Remote management capability through the integrated eBMC card

The small size and flexibility of the Power S1012 make it an ideal platform for edge computing locations with limited space and with minimal power requirements. The ability to be either rack mounted or configured as a stand-alone tower mode makes the Power S1012 a good candidate for use in the following environments:

In remote offices, stores, and manufacturing locations

In manufacturing equipment management environments with IoT

In new locations with new applications designed for edge computing

As an alternative to potentially expensive cloud deployments for edge computing environments.

There are many additional use cases to consider as you look at future edge computing applications. Power10 customers can benefit from edge and remote Computing in the following situations:

Endpoint Security and Surveillance In-store Point-of-sales customer experience (scoring) Edge and remote container-based applications Health care patient monitoring Manufacturing equipment management with IoT (IBM Maximo®) Utilities for power grid optimization and reducing energy waste Embedded solutions for OEM/ESA contracts. Explore opportunities with Linux-based ISVs

focused on ROBO deployments

Chapter 3. Power S1012 Use Cases 39

3.3 Entry database solutions

One challenge for an enterprise is providing the Information Technology resources that are needed by the end users while staying inside budget parameters. This is especially evident when the applications require a database solution for small databases.

In today’s world, keeping data safe and secure can be a challenge. IBM Power10 servers, including the Power S1012 provide many functions that help do that. With built-in encryption features, data can be encrypted within the database without affecting performance. In addition, IBM Power is more secure than other operating systems because it has significantly fewer security vulnerabilities, which often lead to security breaches3. The Power S1012 provides an excellent solution for entry-level database solutions by providing a platform that is secure and reliable. Also, it can provide the performance that is needed to keep users satisfied in a footprint that reduces the space requirements within the infrastructure.

When using a commercial database, it is common that the database vendor charge is based on the size or class of the machine that is hosting the database. This can be especially difficult to manage when the database workload is a small part of your overall application, but the expenses that are related to the third-party database are significant.

One option that might be considered is the use of open source database solutions. Although this can provide you with savings for the database software, it includes additional difficulties because changes might need to be made in your applications because of different requirements for the database. This might bring additional costs of training and application rework into your application environment, which could reduce the savings achieved from choosing the open source solution.

Another, possibly better, option is to take advantage of special offerings from the database supplier that provide an entry-level database solution that runs on a smaller machine at a reduced cost point. For Oracle, this offering is known as the Oracle Database Standard Edition.

3.3.1 Oracle Database Standard Edition 2 on Power S1012

Databases have been a critical component in keeping businesses running for many years. Many enterprises have turned to Oracle to provide the database technology that they require. The challenge is that for small to medium size applications, the cost of the database is a significant part of the total application cost and the number of databases is expanding rapidly as new applications come online.

Oracle has multiple options for running your database. For high-end databases, one of the best options is to use Oracle Enterprise Edition, which has all of the features to support your enterprise class applications. For smaller databases, Oracle has another option that can save up to 33% of the costs on each DB instance, Oracle Standard Edition 2 (SE2).

The savings opportunity when using Oracle SE2 comes from the fact that although Oracle Enterprise Edition is charged per core (based on a core factor for the processor type being used), Oracle SE2 is charged per socket, no matter how many cores are provided per socket. For consolidating a number of smaller databases, Oracle SE2 can be a good option.

There are some restrictions that are involved with running Oracle SE2. The first one is that it is limited to servers with a maximum of two sockets. Oracle considers a single Power10 DCM to be two sockets The Power10 servers that are eligible to run SE2 are the Power S1012 and

3 https://itic-corp.com/ibm-z-ibm-power-systems-lenovo-thinksystem-servers-most-se cure-toughest-to-crack/

40 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

the Power S1014. It is also important to understand that another restriction for using SE2 is that each database is limited to a maximum of sixteen threads. As the Power10 chip is designed with SMT8, where each core provides eight strong threads, this is even a stronger reason to consider consolidating multiple databases to a single Power10 server.

The Power S1012 brings all of the benefits of Power10 to the Oracle environment. With the built-in power hypervisor, consolidation of multiple servers can be easier and more efficient and does not have the overhead of software virtualization products as seen in the with x86 processors. Add to that the proven reliability and security of the Power platform over time and this brings even more advantages compared to x86 alternatives.

Power10 adds additional benefits with its built-in transparent memory encryption, further adding to the security of enterprise critical databases. If you plan to add AI capabilities, Power10 provides built-in AI inferencing capability, too.

For smaller environments, the Power S1012 with its 8-core processor might be a good solution and could replace older Power8 and Power9 servers that are running SE2. With the 2.8x performance per core advantage of Power10 over x86 options, this might also be a good option for upgrading any x86 based SE2 implementations.

3.4 Advanced configuration options

The form factor of the Power S1012 provides a unique opportunity to create a single rack high availability solution for your smaller workloads. When you install a single Power S1012 server into a rack, there is an available space next to that server where you could install an additional Power S1012 server.

3.4.1 Single rack high availability solution

Even though the Power S1012 has excellent reliability and availability characteristics, no server is 100% available, and you should have a plan for any time where your server might be unavailable. Having a secondary server available to run your workloads while the primary server is unavailable because of either a planned or unplanned outage can now be done more economically with the Power S1012.

To enable this solution, two separate AC sources should be available within the rack so that a unique AC power source is provided for each server in this high availability pair. Additionally, ensure that your users can access the secondary server when the primary server is down by using the appropriate network connections. Also ensure that the data required for your applications to run is available to the secondary server. Figure 3-2 illustrates this concept.

Figure 3-2 High availability solution within 2U rack space

Chapter 3. Power S1012 Use Cases 41

IBM has several HA solutions available that assist you in managing your server environment and quickly switch between the active and backup server with minimal outage time. You can use the IBM Virtual Machine Recovery Manager (VMRM) tool to restart your system, independent of the type of operating system, on a backup server. Starting with firmware level FW1060.10, which was generally available in July 2024, the Power S1012 supports Live Partition Mobility and can take full advantage of the high availability functions of VMRM to move virtual machines non-disruptively when planning for maintenance activity or for migrations.

Another option for AIX and IBM i systems is IBM PowerHA® ®, or for Linux systems, you can use Pacemaker. For further information on IBM’s High Availability offerings see the following publications:

IBM Power Systems High Availability and Disaster Recovery Updates: Planning for a Multicloud Environment, REDP-5663

IBM PowerHA SystemMirror and IBM VM Recovery Manager Solutions Updates, REDP-5694

IBM Virtual Machine Recovery Manager for IBM Power Cookbook, SG24-8539

IBM PowerHA SystemMirror for AIX Cookbook, SG24-7739

3.4.2 Enhanced IT management capability

The Power Hardware Management Console (HMC) provides many benefits for managing your IBM Power servers, but many enterprises have chosen not to implement them as they require an additional server to host the HMC.

With the unique form factor of the Power S1012, it is possible to install an additional Power S1012 in the adjacent slot to your production server. The additional Power S1012 can be used as an HMC in your environment so that you can use the additional management and monitoring tools that are built into the HMC. This is illustrated in Figure 3-3.

Figure 3-3 Enhanced management capabilities with HMC

42 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

Related publications

The publications listed in this section are considered particularly suitable for a more detailed discussion of the topics covered in this paper.

IBM Redbooks

The following IBM Redbooks publications provide additional information about the topic in this document. Note that some publications referenced in this list might be available in softcopy only.

IBM Power S1014, S1022s, S1022, and S1024 Technical Overview and Introduction, REDP-5675

IBM Power E1080 Technical Overview and Introduction, REDP-5649

IBM Power E1050: Technical Overview and Introduction, REDP-5684

IBM Power Systems High Availability and Disaster Recovery Updates: Planning for a Multicloud Environment, REDP-5663

IBM PowerHA SystemMirror and IBM VM Recovery Manager Solutions Updates, REDP-5694

IBM Virtual Machine Recovery Manager for IBM Power Cookbook, SG24-8539

IBM PowerHA SystemMirror for AIX Cookbook, SG24-7739

You can search for, view, download or order these documents and other Redbooks, Redpapers, Web Docs, draft and additional materials, at the following website:

ibm.com/redbooks

Online resources

These websites are also relevant as further information sources:

What is edge computing?

https://www.ibm.com/topics/edge-computing?utm_content=SRCWW&p1=Search&p4=437000 74715395988&p5=e&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw8diwBhAbEiwA7i_sJci52c8JsoQ49vX_KgV hUZvjfL4Bby3w90CkRyHzSH5rDE_6xrdiVBoCoqYQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds

Help from IBM

IBM Support and downloads

ibm.com/support

IBM Global Services

ibm.com/services

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44 IBM Power S1012 Introduction

ibm.com/redbooks

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Back cover

ISBN 0738461598

REDP-5728-00

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